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ANNEX

Union support for OPCW activities in the framework of the implementation of the EU Strategy against Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction

Project I — National implementation and Verification

Objectives

Purposes

Purpose 1 (National Implementation)

Purpose 2 (Verification)

Results

Results 1 (National implementation)

Results 2 (Verification)

Activities

1.   Regional Training Course for Customs Authorities of State Parties on Technical Aspects of the CWC's Transfers' Regime

Support to customs officials has been provided under Joint Action 2005/913/CFSP, Joint Action 2007/185/CFSP, Decision 2009/569/CFSP, and Decision 2012/166/CFSP. On the basis of experience gained, outreach to customs officials through training courses will be undertaken with a view to improving the collection and transmission of data on imports and exports of scheduled chemicals to national authorities. Training undertaken will offer practical hands-on demonstrations and exercises, and will incorporate an element covering ‘train the trainers’. ►M1  The training will be carried out by the Technical Secretariat's Implementation Support Branch, with technical expertise from the Declarations Branch, in the Africa region. ◄

2.   Updating the e-learning tool for national authorities/associated stakeholders

Support for the development of an e-learning tool for national authorities/associated stakeholders has been provided under Decision 2012/166/CFSP. State Parties have been able to access and use e-learning modules since 2013. To ensure that the information and materials remain relevant and useful, an assessment of users' feedback and recommendations will be conducted, and the findings used for updating and improving the tool. It is expected that e-learning will be more widely used by State Parties. The Technical Secretariat is considering making the e-learning compulsory for some training provided by the OPCW.

3.   Support development of ‘advocacy’ plans

Several National Authorities have advised they have found it difficult to obtain the right level of cooperation and support from some stakeholder institutions. This is mainly due to a lack of understanding and awareness of the CWC, its obligations and commitments placed on the State Parties. This lack of skills, knowledge and experience in ‘advocacy’ means that when it is undertaken it is not often effective. There is a need to develop/improve the existing advocacy plans, to make them more practical and useful. The advocacy plans will include: education and outreach activities, production of publicity materials, information kits as well as draft action plans. Guidelines and strategies for effective education and outreach at the national and regional level will be drafted and the pilot States will use them as a reference in drafting advocacy plans for their respective States. Pilot projects will be developed in all regions: Asia, Latin America and Caribbean, Africa and Eastern Europe.

4.   National Implementation Capacity Assessment

National Authorities should be able to effectively implement the CWC. Some National Authorities require assistance to ensure they are able to fulfil their role effectively. There are several factors that can affect their performance. In order for the Technical Secretariat to provide timely and effective support, it is essential to assess their national capacity to better understand their needs. Assessment programmes will be implemented in all regions. Specifically, the capacity assessment will be conducted jointly by the Technical Secretariat and the respective National Authority. Desk review of a State's situation regarding the CWC implementation will be conducted by relevant Divisions of the Technical Secretariat before a State visit for an actual assessment. During the visit, the team will hold meetings and consultations with relevant agencies. Each visit will result in a report, outlining milestone developments and a follow-up action plan for capacity building.

5.   Mentorship Programme

The National Authority Mentorship Programme is designed to create a partnership between a National Authority which has been more successful and efficient in the implementation of its obligations under the CWC with another at a lower level of implementation. This enhances the functioning of the latter National Authority. The programme has been implemented by the OPCW for a number of years and has proved very useful. Mentorship programmes will be implemented in Africa, Asia and Caribbean and Latin America.

6.   Legal workshop for Caribbean and Central American State Parties

These workshops form part of the Technical Secretariat efforts to promote the quicker adoption of national implementing legislation by State Parties in the Caribbean and Central America. The main aim is to provide practical assistance to participating State Parties on legal issues surrounding the national implementation of the CWC. These workshops also seek to support State Parties in finalising their respective drafts, and provide an opportunity for the invited State Parties to consult directly with representatives from the Implementation Support Branch of the OPCW regarding the drafting of national implementing legislation as well as the provision of any other legal assistance, such as the development of subsidiary regulations and rules.

7.   Strengthening Training Capabilities for Technical Secretariat inspectors and experts

Training courses involving the handling of schedule 1 chemicals represent one of the crucial elements of the effort to maintain the level of expertise and accumulated know-how of the OPCW. Observance of strict technical standards is crucial for the efficiency and full-value services of training courses being delivered for Technical Secretariat inspectors and experts. At the same time it will increase chemical- and bio- safety and enhance preparedness to prevent and respond to attacks involving toxic chemicals. The activity will include procurement of necessary equipment, appliances and materials, resulting in better performance of the laboratories involved.

8.   Modernisation of the Information Management Systems for the OPCW Verification Division

The OPCW Verification Division currently uses various legacy information systems, some of which are heavily customised. These impede the efficient and effective processing of information.

These include:

This activity aims to modernise the information management systems of the OPCW Verification Division by replacing these bespoke systems with an enterprise document management solution with contemporary capabilities. The expected benefits will be increased efficiency in the processing of information, a reduction in manual work effort, improvements in data quality and extended analytical capabilities.

9.   Visits of Executive Council representatives and Observers of State Parties with developing economies to chemical weapons destruction facilities

To date, eight visits have taken place — four in the United States of America, three in the Russian Federation and one in China (Abandoned Chemical Weapons Destruction Facilities), with funding provided under Joint Action 2007/185/CFSP, Decision 2009/569/CFSP, and Decision 2012/166/CFSP. The visits conducted so far have proved to be valuable as a means of addressing questions or concerns about a possessor State Party's programme for fulfilling its obligations on the destruction of its chemical weapons. All State Parties will benefit from these visits which will help enhance transparency and build confidence that progress is being made for the complete destruction of the remaining chemical weapons in accordance with the provisions of the CWC and under the verification of the Technical Secretariat. The project should encourage broader participation in such visits by State Parties while taking into account the appropriate financial criteria and taking steps to ensure the adequate rotation of participants.

10.   Implementing the lessons arising from the Syria mission

With the anticipated end of the programme to eliminate Syria's chemical weapons programme, the OPCW will conduct a review of its involvement in this unprecedented operation. In addition, the OPCW is already participating in a lessons learned exercise being conducted by the United Nations (UN) Office for Disarmament Affairs (UNODA) in the framework of the investigation into the use of chemical weapons in Syria in 2013. Therefore, many of the lessons arising from the UN investigation and the mission to eliminate Syrian chemical weapons should be identified during the course of 2014.

The lessons identified will need to be implemented and incorporated into OPCW procedures and activities. ►M1  In order to do this most effectively, it is proposed that the Secretariat hold an internal workshop to review and analyse the lessons learnt and to implement them as early as possible. The outcomes of this workshop should include identifying and implementation relevant training programmes as well as purchase recommended equipment as identified in the workshop. ◄

Project II — International Cooperation

Objectives

Purposes

Results

Activities

1.   Analytical skills development courses

These courses take place over two weeks, during which participants receive theoretical training and hands-on experience in GC and GC-MS. Topics covered include: hardware; system validation and optimisation; troubleshooting; preparation of environmental samples; and GC/GC-MS analyses of such samples for chemicals related to the CWC. Participants also receive intensive hands-on training in the preparation of different sample matrices to be analysed by GC with element-selective detectors and by GC-MS in electron impact and chemical-ionisation modes. Finally, participants are introduced to a range of extraction, clean-up, and derivatisation procedures. The courses are implemented with the support of Verifin, renowned institution selected through a transparent tender process, with which OPCW has entered into a five-year agreement.

2.   Industry Outreach —Chemical Safety and Security Management Workshops

These workshops are conducted over two-and-a-half days. They cover, inter alia, safety and security issues in chemical industry, chemical management strategies, chemical-process safety management, industry best practices and an introduction to Responsible Care®.

An overview of the CWC and of international cooperation programmes is also presented at the opening session. Cooperation and coordination will be ensured with other actors with experience in this area, as appropriate.

One workshop will be addressed to the North Africa, Middle East and Gulf sub-regions and will take place in Arabic.

Project III — Science and technology

Objectives

To enable the Director-General of the OPCW (‘Director General’) to provide advice and make recommendations to the Conference of State Parties, the Executive Council of the OPCW or the State Parties on areas of science and technology relevant to the CWC.

Purposes

Results

Activities

1.   Chemical informatics for facilitating international collaboration

This activity aims at creating a working group of scientists to collaboratively source, collate, and analyse data with unique chemical signatures. It seeks to compile data collected from a broad range of routine chemical monitoring activities that contain chemical signatures (e.g. data collected from atmospheric monitoring, environmental sample collection, water testing, and more). The intent is to connect chemical and information scientists from different regions of the world to create a hub in which the information can be disseminated to the collaborators for visualisation and informative analysis of global and regional chemistry. This work is intended to facilitate engagement of the Technical Secretariat with the scientific community. Main output will be a data collation centre serving as a hub for collating and reducing data into formats compatible with the analytical tools used by the collaborating researchers. The hub, located in one of the participating universities, will support the network of collaborating scientists and build its capacity to expand beyond the implementation period.

2.   Assessment of developments in science and technology

A series of expert workshops — involving members of the SAB, experts associate with the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry, and other experts — to assess the impact of current and potential future developments in science and technology on the implementation of the CWC.

This work will support the SAB in developing their report on developments in science and technology for the Fourth Review Conference of the CWC.

Possible partnerships with other International Organisations to implement this activity will be explored.

3.   Multiple uses of chemistry: understanding the security aspects of technology developments

A series of workshops for regional centres of excellence and university departments which are involved in WMD security issues. The purpose is to help those who are concerned about implications of technology developments to understand the process by which technologies are conceived, developed, adapted, and brought to life.

Workshop attendees will gain skills and understanding of:

This work will create more insight into how science and technology support effective implementation of multilateral security and WMD treaties — using the CWC as an example.

4.   Temporary Working Groups (TWGs) of the SAB

Support meetings of the TWGs, which will enable to the SAB to render specialised technical advice to the Director-General on the implementation of the CWC. This will in turn enable the Director-General to advise the policymaking organs and State Parties on policy matters, underpinned by sound scientific advice.

5.   Toward the development of standardised analytical methods for the analysis of biological toxins

Biological toxins are regulated under the Biological Weapons Convention (‘BWC’). Two biological toxins (ricin and saxitoxin) are also listed in the CWC as chemical weapons and are closely regulated. Other biological toxins may also fall under the CWC's general purpose criteria against the use of toxic agents in warfare.

The robust verification regime of the CWC is absent in the BWC. Under the CWC, inspectors are empowered to take samples and perform on-site analysis (if possible; often not possible for biological toxins) or send them to off-site laboratories. Off-site laboratory analysis requires sophisticated analytical equipment as well as methods and either reference materials or data.

For this project, the OPCW Laboratory and partner laboratories will:

Project IV — Preparedness of State Parties to prevent and respond to attacks involving chemicals

Objectives

Contribute to developing the capacity of State Parties in the prevention of, preparedness for and response to a terrorist attack using chemical weapons and to improve their response to requests for assistance in the event of the use or threat of use of chemicals.

Purposes

Results

Activities

1.   Regional Assistance and Protection Training

A full-cycle training package for Central Asian State Parties to include Basic and Advanced training courses in Assistance and Protection. The courses would be followed by a confirmatory exercise where participants would use the knowledge acquired in a practical, field training scenario. This training cycle will result in increased resilience against and improved national and regional capacity to respond to the misuse of toxic chemicals. The first responders from the region who will benefit from this training, will be subsequently considered for OPCW-funded ‘train-the-trainer’ courses to assist them in the further dissemination of the knowledge and skills acquired.

2.   Regional Coordination Exercise on Assistance Delivery

In line with paragraph 7 of Article X of the CWC, the proposed exercise is a follow-up of the Assistance Coordination workshop held in Argentina in October 2013 and will be aimed at testing delivery assistance mechanisms between two or three State Parties from the Latin America region that share the same border, and will include participation with diverse tasks, of the rest of the State Parties from the region.

3.   Regional Assistance and Protection Workshops

Support for this activity has been provided under Decision 2009/569/CFSP, and Decision 2012/166/CFSP. This activity is designed as a forum for managers and planners who are involved in the protection of their civilian populations against chemical weapons, or who would be responsible for the provision of emergency assistance under Article X of the CWC. Workshops provide information on the implementation of Article X; national and international projects being carried out by the OPCW, regional approaches to assistance and protection, and challenges and new opportunities in the field of assistance and protection against chemical weapons and other toxic chemicals. Furthermore, they are intended to foster discussion and analysis of several assistance and protection-related issues, with special focus on areas such as rights and obligations of State Parties under Article X of the CWC, submissions of declarations of protective programmes, and analysis of weaknesses and problem areas. They also provide an overview of assistance and protection activities in the concerned region. Participants give presentations in order to share experiences, lessons learnt, and ideas in the field of assistance and protection and emergency response against threats related to misuse of toxic chemicals. Targeted regions will be Latin America and Asia.

4.   Table Top Exercises

Support for this activity has been provided under Decision 2009/569/CFSP, and Decision 2012/166/CFSP. The project Table Top Exercises is a follow-up and builds on the lessons learnt from the Table Top exercise (TTX) held in August 2013 in Indonesia (funded under Decision 2012/166/CFSP). One of the results of the exercise was development of the TTX module that can be used for capacity-building activities in other regions. The exercises will examine cross-government decision-making, and promote information exchange and provision of assistance between relevant national and international organisations in order to mitigate the risks and the impact of an attack with toxic chemicals. The project complements other OPCW programmes, in particular those regarding assistance and protection as mandated by Article X of the CWC as well as the OPCW's efforts to support State Parties in the adoption of national implementation measures and the project on ‘OPCW as a platform for enhancing security at chemical plants’ (funded under Decision 2012/166/CFSP). Under the provisions of Article X, State Parties can receive expert advice and assistance from the OPCW regarding the development and improvement of their protective capacity against chemical weapons.

Project V — Universality and outreach

Objectives

Purposes

Results

Activities

1.   Translation and dissemination of education-and-outreach tools and materials

During 2013 and 2014, the Technical Secretariat (supported in part by Decision 2012/166/CFSP) has produced several education and outreach tools in English. In order to maximise the use of such materials by a broad range of stakeholders in as many State Parties as possible, the materials need to be translated into the other five official OPCW languages and into other widely-spoken languages. The translated materials will also need to be widely disseminated.

2.   Production of an OPCW exhibition

►M1  Production of a professional physical and online exhibition on the OPCW and CWC for use at relevant meetings, conferences, etc., in collaboration with science and peace museums. ◄ Some work has already been carried out by the OPCW together with the Nobel Peace Centre, Museon in The Hague and others but, under this project, a professionally-designed exhibition will be produced, for reuse by the OPCW as necessary.

3.   Youth outreach

▼M1

Outreach aimed at young audiences (ages 15-25) to both raise awareness of the OPCW and the CWC and to engage youth in exploring opportunities for future careers in fields and sectors on the international level. This will involve outreach through video blogging and the development of communication materials targeting young audiences.

▼B

4.   Universality facilitation for non-State Parties to join the CWC

▼M1

With few States not Party to the CWC, and in order to promote adherence to the CWC as a state's commitment to disarmament and international co-operation, the OPCW Technical Secretariat will focus on bilateral and outreach meetings with States not Party and sponsorship of participants from States not Party to the CWC to take part in OPCW events.

▼B

5.   Support for NGO participation in OPCW activities

The number of NGOs that have registered for and attended OPCW conferences has grown steadily and significantly since 2008, peaking with the 3rd Review Conference in April 2013 when 70 NGOs representing all regions were approved to attend. In addition, for the first time ever, NGOs actively participated in OPCW conferences by addressing delegates in special plenary sessions of the 3rd Review Conference and the 18th Conference of States Party. ►M1  This proposal will provide basic travel and lodging support for NGO representatives from States with developing economies or economies in transition to attend each of the Conferences of State Parties in 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018. ◄

6.   Support for development and promotion of ‘Fires’ video documentary series

The Fires project has been developed by the Media and Public Affairs branch of the OPCW. They produced four episodes running in length from 5 to 20 min each, including the original episode A Teacher's Mission which was strongly endorsed by the SAB Temporary Working group on Education and Outreach of the OPCW as an effective teaching tool. The latest episode, Ich Liebe Dich, has generated even more enthusiasm among stakeholders for the project, with expressions of material support and collaboration in producing future episodes from several State Parties. The Union funding will ensure the production of at least three further episodes.

Project VI — Africa Programme

Objective

To enhance the capacity of African State Parties in fulfilling their obligations under the CWC.

Purposes

Purpose 1 (National implementation):

Purpose 2 (Peaceful use of chemistry):

Results

Results 1 (National implementation)

Results 2 (Peaceful use of chemistry)

Activities

1.   Regional National Authority Stakeholders Forum

National Authorities have specific and important roles and responsibilities for effective implementation. They have to develop and maintain very close and good cooperation with other concerned stakeholders at the State level. The cooperation is not always effective as there are still gaps and lack of good understanding among each other. The proposed Regional Stakeholder Forum aims at bringing together the key stakeholders and the National Authorities representatives to meet, know and understand each other better. It will also provide a good opportunity to share experiences and exchange views and concerns for effective cooperation. This is proposed as a pilot for the African region.

2.   Regional Training Course for Customs Authorities of State Parties on Technical Aspects of the CWC's Transfers' Regime

Support for customs officials has been provided under Joint Action 2005/913/CFSP, Joint Action 2007/185/CFSP, Decision 2009/569/CFSP and Decision 2012/166/CFSP. On the basis of experience gained, outreach to customs officials through training courses will be undertaken with a view to improving the collection and transmission of data on imports and exports of scheduled chemicals to national authorities. Training undertaken will offer practical hands-on demonstrations and exercises and will incorporate an element covering ‘train the trainers’. The training will be carried out by the Technical Secretariat's Implementation Support Branch with technical expertise from the Declarations Branch in the African region.

3.   Provision of Academic/Informative Materials on CWC

To promote understanding and awareness of CWC in an African State Party, informative materials will be prepared and provided to the library of universities' chemistry departments through the relevant National Authorities. In its first phase, the activity will aim at providing information, but the second phase will lead to the introduction of the CWC in the training/teaching curriculum of the universities. It is proposed to be a pilot in the African region.

4.   Synergies and Partnership for effective implementation

▼M1

The activity aims at strengthening the CWC National Authorities' abilities to reach out to national stakeholders, and at promoting the engagement of the stakeholder agencies/bodies in supporting the implementation of the CWC. These are national industry associations, regional/subregional organisations, customs training institutions, laboratories and academic institutions. The activity will facilitate sharing of practices amongst States Parties from the Africa region and encourage State-to-State support. Participants from African States Parties will be sponsored to take part in a meeting of National Authorities at OPCW HQ in The Hague.

▼B

5.   Analytical skills development courses

These courses take place over two weeks, during which participants receive theoretical training and hands-on experience in GC and GC-MS. Topics covered include: hardware; system validation and optimisation; troubleshooting; preparation of environmental samples; and GC/GC-MS analyses of such samples for chemicals related to the CWC. Participants also receive intensive hands-on training in the preparation of different sample matrices to be analysed by GC with element-selective detectors and by GC-MS in electron impact and chemical-ionisation modes. Finally, participants are introduced to a range of extraction, clean-up, and derivatisation procedures. ►M1  The courses are implemented with the support of Verifin, a renowned institution selected through a transparent tender process, with which OPCW has entered into a 5-year agreement, and with the support of the National Institute for Research-Physical and Chemical Analysis (INRAP) of Tunisia. ◄

6.   Industry Outreach — CWC and Chemical Process Safety Workshops

These workshops are conducted over two-and-a-half days. They cover, inter alia, safety and security issues in the chemical industry; chemical management strategies; chemical-process safety management; industry best practices; and an introduction to Responsible Care®.

An overview of the CWC and of international cooperation programmes is also presented at the opening session.