(1)   The United Kingdom shall participate in and contribute as of 1 January 2024 to the Union programmes and activities, or parts thereof, established by the following basic acts:

(2)   This Protocol shall not apply to award procedures which implement budgetary commitments for 2021, 2022 and 2023.

(1)   The United Kingdom shall participate in the Union programmes and activities, or parts thereof, referred to in Article 1 of this Protocol from 1 January 2024 for their remaining duration or until the end of the multiannual financial framework 2021-2027, whichever is shorter.

(2)   The United Kingdom or United Kingdom entities shall be eligible under the conditions laid down in Article 711, with regard to Union award procedures, which implement the budgetary commitments of the programmes and activities or parts thereof, referred to in Article 1 of this Protocol within the time limits set out in the first paragraph of this Article. The United Kingdom or United Kingdom entities shall not be eligible for Union funding under Union award procedures which implement budgetary commitments for 2021, 2022 and 2023, without prejudice to the applicable eligibility rules for entities of non-associated countries laid down in the basic act or other rules pertaining to the implementation of the Union programme or activity.

(1)   Subject to the provisions of the Trade and Cooperation Agreement and in particular of Article 711, the United Kingdom shall participate in Copernicus and benefit from Copernicus services and products in the same way as other participating countries.

(2)   The United Kingdom shall have full access to the Copernicus Emergency Management Service and shall notify to the European Commission the national focal point that will act as Authorised Copernicus Management Service User.

(3)   The United Kingdom shall have access as authorised user to the Copernicus Security Service components to the extent the cooperation between the parties in the relevant policy areas is agreed. The modalities of activation and use shall be subject to specific agreements. Detailed rules for the access to such services shall be laid down in the respective agreements including in relation to the specific operation of Articles 718 (4), 719 (4) and 720 (5).

(4)   For the purposes of paragraph 3, negotiations between the United Kingdom and the Union shall start as soon as possible after the participation of the United Kingdom in Copernicus has been established in this Protocol and in accordance with the provisions governing the access to such services. Should such an agreement be substantially delayed or prove impossible, the Specialised Committee on Participation on Union Programmes shall examine how to adjust the participation of the United Kingdom in Copernicus and its financing taking into account this situation.

(5)   Participation by the United Kingdom’s representatives in the Security Accreditation Board meetings shall be governed by the rules and procedures for participating in this board taking into account the status of the United Kingdom as a third country.

(1)   Subject to Article 6, the United Kingdom shall participate as an associated country in all parts of the Horizon Europe programme as referred to in Article 4 of Regulation (EU) 2021/695 implemented through the specific programme established by Decision (EU) 2021/764 and through a financial contribution to the European Institute of Innovation and Technology established by Regulation (EU) 2021/819 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 2021 on the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (4).

(2)   Subject to the provisions of the Trade and Cooperation Agreement and in particular of Article 711, United Kingdom entities may participate in the activities of the Joint Research Centre (‘JRC’) and in indirect actions under equivalent conditions as those applicable to Union entities.

(3)   Where the Union adopts measures for the implementation of Articles 185 and 187 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, the United Kingdom and United Kingdom entities may participate in the legal structures created under those provisions, in conformity with the Union legal acts relating to the establishment of these legal structures.

(4)   Regulation (EU) 2021/819 or the Union legal act replacing that Regulation, and Decision (EU) 2021/820 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 May 2021 on the Strategic Innovation Agenda of the European Institute of Innovation and Technology (EIT) 2021-2027: Boosting the Innovation Talent and Capacity of Europe and repealing Decision No. 1312/2013/EU (5), shall apply to participation of United Kingdom entities in Knowledge and Innovation Communities in conformity with Article 711.

(5)   Where United Kingdom entities participate in the activities of the JRC, representatives of the United Kingdom shall have the right to participate as observers in the Board of Governors of the JRC, without voting rights. Subject to that condition, such participation shall be governed by the same rules and procedures as those applicable to representatives of Member States, including speaking rights and procedures for receipt of information and documentation in relation to a point that concerns the United Kingdom.

(6)   For the purposes of calculating the operational contribution pursuant to Article 714(5) the initial commitment appropriations entered in the Union budget definitively adopted for the applicable year for financing Horizon Europe, including the support expenditure of the programme, shall be increased by the appropriations corresponding to external assigned revenue under Article 2 paragraph 2 letter (a) point (iv) of Council Regulation (EU) 2020/2094 of 14 December 2020 establishing a European Union Recovery Instrument to support the recovery in the aftermath of the COVID-19 crisis (6).

(7)   United Kingdom rights of representation and participation in the European Research Area Committee and its subgroups shall be those applicable to associated countries.

(8)   The United Kingdom may participate in a European Research Infrastructure Consortium (‘ERIC’) in accordance with the legal acts establishing that ERIC and taking into account its participation in Horizon 2020 in accordance with the terms which apply to that participation before this Protocol entered into force and its participation in Horizon Europe as established in this Protocol.

(1)   Article 716 shall apply to the Horizon Europe programme.

(2)   The following modalities shall apply:

(3)   The mechanism shall be applied as follows:

(4)   If in relation to the United Kingdom’s operational contribution for a given year N, the amount of the difference calculated in accordance with the method laid down in Article 716(2) is negative and in absolute terms exceeds 16 % of the corresponding operational contribution for year N, the future operational contribution of the United Kingdom for year N+2 shall be reduced by the difference between the absolute amount calculated in accordance with the method laid down in Article 716(2) for year N, and the amount which corresponds to 16% of the corresponding operational contribution for year N.

After the end of the period referred to in paragraph 1 of Article 2 of this Protocol, any reductions of future operational contributions, as referred to in the first subparagraph of this paragraph, shall be applied to operational contributions of the United Kingdom to a succeeding programme in which the United Kingdom participates.

If the operational contribution of the United Kingdom is adjusted in year N+2 in accordance with the first and second subparagraphs, such adjustment shall be taken into account for the purpose of calculating the annual amount for year N+2 in accordance with paragraph 4 of Annex 47.

(1)   The United Kingdom and United Kingdom entities shall not participate in the European Innovation Council (‘EIC’) Fund established under Horizon Europe. The EIC Fund is the financial instrument which is the part of the EIC Accelerator of Horizon Europe that provides investment through equity or other repayable form (10).

(2)   As from 2024, and until 2027, each year, the contribution of the United Kingdom to Horizon Europe shall be adjusted by an amount obtained by multiplying the estimated amounts to be allocated to beneficiaries of the EIC Fund established under the programme, excluding the amount stemming from repayments and reflows, by the contribution key as defined in Article 714(6).

(3)   Following any year N in which an adjustment has been made under paragraph 2, the United Kingdom’s contribution shall in subsequent years be adjusted upwards or downwards, by multiplying the difference between the estimated amount allocated to beneficiaries of the EIC Fund, as referred in Article 6(2) of this Protocol, and the amount allocated to beneficiaries of the EIC Fund in year N, by the contribution key, as defined in Article 714(6).